Ecological Services

Healthy ecosystems are the basis for a wide range of economic, environmental and aesthetic goods and services.  

The products of ecosystem processes can be known as ecosystem services.  For example - the role of healthy forest ecosystems in purifying air and water, reducing nutrients and cycling nutrients, fertilizing soil, providing wildlife habitat, maintaining biodiversity,  Assist in pollination, provide storage space for carbon and also provide aesthetic, cultural and spiritual values.  

Although it is difficult to evaluate these services of biodiversity, it is reasonable to assume that the high value of biodiversity should be underestimated.  

At present, Robert Constanza and his colleagues are trying to overestimate the value of nature's life-support services.  

Researchers put the estimated cost of these basic housing services at about 33 33 trillion a year, which is widely taken for granted because they are available for free.

This value is almost double the value of the Gross National Product GNP (US 18 18 trillion).  

50% of the total cost of various ecosystem services is for land organization only and other services such as recreation and nutrition cycle have less than 10% share each.  The value of climate regulation and habitat for wildlife is about 6% for each.